This website is no longer being updated. Most of its content, including research citations, has been transferred to the website for the International Center for Home Education Research (ICHER.org), an organization I have founded along with several colleagues from around the world.

PLEASE CHECK OUT ICHER.ORG -- a resource for journalists, policymakers, scholars, and others interested in reviews of recent scholarship, extensive database searches, homeschool regulations, and more.

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Topic: SOCIALIZATION

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"Home Schooling: A Viable Alternative for Students with Special Needs?". CEC Today 7, no. 1 (2000): 1, 5, 10, 15.

Abbott, Myles B., and Jennifer A. Miller. "What You Need to Learn About Homeschooling." Contemporary Pediatrics 23, no. 11 (2006): 48-58.

Aiex, Nola Kortner. "Home Schooling and Socialization of Children." In ERIC Digest, edited by Educational Resources Information Center, 1994.

Aiex, Patrick K. "Home Schooling, Socialization, and Creativity in Children." 1994.

Allie-Carson, Jayn. "Structure and Interaction Patterns of Home School Families." Home School Researcher 6, no. 3 (1990): 11-18.

Alvord, Scott T. "Comparison of Perceived Social Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem between Home and Traditionally Educated College Students." Psy.D., George Fox University, 2003.

Anderson, Brian C. "An a for Home Schooling." City Journal no. summer (2000).

Anderson, Brian C. "Children Who Are Home Schooled Succeed Academically." In Home Schooling, edited by Cindy Mur, 43-54. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

Anthony, Kenneth Vance. "Educational Counter Culture: Motivations, Instructional Approaches, Curriculum Choices, and Challenges of Home School Families." Mississippi State University, 2009.

Apostoleris, Nicholas H. "An Interdisciplinary Investigation of Home Schooling." Wesleyan University, 1993.

Apostoleris, Nicholas Harry. "Children's Love of Learning: Home Schooling and Intrinsic Motivation for Learning." Clark University, 2000.

Arora, Tiny C. M. J. "School-Aged Children Who Are Educated at Home by Their Parents: Is There a Role for Educational Psychologists?" Educational Psychology in Practice 19, no. 2 (2003): 103-12.

Bagwell, Jack N. "The Academic Success of Homeschooled Students in a South Carolina Technical College." University of Nebraska, 2010.

Banks, Kathy. Real Home School. Visalia, CA: 5 Point Publishing, 1999.

Basham, Patrick. "Home Schooling: From the Extreme to the Mainstream." In Public Policy Sources. Vancouver, BC: Fraser Institute, 2001.

Basham, Patrick, John Merrifield, and Claudia R. Hepburn. "Home Schooling: From the Extreme to the Mainstream." In Studies in Education Policy. Vancouver, BC: Fraser Institute, 2007.

Batterbee, Dennis J. "The Relationship between Parent-Child Interactive Systems and Creativity in Home Schooled Children." United States International University, 1992.

Batterbee, Gayla C. "The Relationship of Parent-Child Interactive Systems to Cognitive Attributes in the Home Schooled Child." United States International University, 1992.

Beck, Christian W. "Home Education: The Social Motivation." International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education 3, no. 1 (2010): 71-81.

Belfield, Clive R. "Home-Schooling in the Us." New York: National Center for the Study of Privatization in Education, Teachers College, 2004.

Belfield, Clive R., and Henry M. Levin. Privatizing Educational Choice: Consequences for Parents, Schools, and Public Policy. Boulder, CO: Paradigm, 2005.

Bliss, Barbara A. "Home Education: A Look at Current Practices." Michigan State University, 1989.

Blok, Henk. "Performance in Home Schooling: An Argument against Compulsory Schooling in the Netherlands." International Review of Education 50, no. 1 (2004): 39.

Bowditch, Gillian. "Home Schooling Deprives Children of Important Social Lessons." In Home Schooling, edited by Cindy Mur, 61-63. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

Boyer, Rick. The Socialization Trap. Rustburg, VA: The Learning Parent, 1993.

Boyer, Wanda A. R. "Exploring Home Schooling." International Journal of Early Childhood 34, no. 2 (2002): 19-29.

Brabant, Christine. "Citizenship Education: A Collaborative Research with Home Educators." In European Conference on Educational Research Post Graduate and New Researcher Pre-Conference. Geneva, 2006.

Brady, Michael S. "Social Development in Traditionally Schooled and Home Educated Children." Home School Researcher 15, no. 4 (2003): 11-18.

Brodie, Laura. "One Good Year: A Look at Short-Term Homeschooling." Brain, Child,2007.

Buss, Emily. "The Adolescent's Stake in the Allocation of Educational Control between Parent and State." University of Chicago Law Review 67, no. 4 (2000): 1233-89.

Cai, Yi, Johnmarshall Reeve, and Dawn T. Robinson. "Home Schooling and Teaching Style: Comparing the Motivating Styles of Home School and Public School Teachers." Journal of Educational Psychology 94, no. 2 (2002): 372.

Cappello, Nancy Marcucci. "School Choice: Four Case Studies of Home School Families in Connecticut." University of Connecticut at Storrs, 1995.

Carlson, David. "Homeschooling and Bilingual Education: A Well-Kept Secret." Encounter 22, no. 4 (2009): 10-13.

Carlton, Brian. "A Systemic View of the Socialization of Home Schoolers." Private School Monitor 20, no. 3 (1999): 7-9.

Carson, Olivia. "Homeschoolers Perspectives on Homeschooling." George Fox University, 2009.

Chapman, Anne, and Thomas A. O'Donoghue. "Home Schooling: An Emerging Research Agenda." Education Research and Perspectives 27, no. 1 (2000): 19-36.

Chatham, April Dawn. "Home Vs. Public Schooling: What About Relationships in Adolescence?", University of Oklahoma, 1991.

Chatham-Carpenter, April. "Home Vs. Public Schoolers' Relationships: Differences in Social Networks." Home School Researcher 10, no. 1 (1994): 15-24.

Cheng, Wen-Hsing. "Parenting Styles in Home School Families Who Are Raising Adolescents." Ph.D., Texas Woman's University, 2006.

Clark, Charles S. "Home and Away." Teacher Magazine 12, no. 2 (2000): 9-10.

Clemente, Dale F. "Academic Achievement and College Aptitude in Homeschooled High School Students Compared to Their Private-Schooled and Public-Schooled Counterparts." Ed.D., Regent University, 2006.

Clery, Erica. "Homeschooling: The Meaning That the Homeschooled Child Assigns to This Experience." Issues in Educational Research 8, no. 1 (1998): 1-13.

Dalaimo, Denise M. "Community Home Education: A Case Study of a Public School-Based Home Schooling Program." Educational Research Quarterly 19, no. 4 (1996): 3-22.

Davis, Rebecca H. "Homeschooling a Personal Choice Not a Movement." Teachers College Record (2005).

de Acosta, Martha. "Home-Schooled Students May Fail to Learn America's Cultural Heritage." In Home Schooling, edited by Cindy Mur, 80-81. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

Delahooke, Mona Maarse. "Home Educated Children's Social/Emotional Adjustment and Academic Achievement: A Comparative Study." California School of Professional Psychology, 1986.

DeNoia, Veronica Mary. "A Qualitative Study of Central New Jersey Home Schoolers as a Reform Movement." Seton Hall University, 2001.

Duffey, Jane. "Home Schooling: A Controversial Alternative." Principal 77, no. 5 (1998): 23-26.

Erickson, Donald A. "Homeschooling and the Common School Nightmare." In Home Schooling in Full View: A Reader, edited by Bruce S. Cooper, 21-44. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, 2005.

Faris, Paul. "Home Education in Canada: National Poll of Homeschooling Families Shows Startling Results." IMFC Review no. Fall/Winter (2006): 14-16.

Fash, Charles Louis. "Issues Relating to the Education of Children in the Home Setting." Northern Arizona University, 1994.

Francis, David John. "Social Skills of Home-Schooled and Conventionally Schooled Children: A Comparison Study." Alfred University, 1990.

Francis, David J., and Timothy Z. Keith. "Self-Esteem and Home Schooling Socialization Research: A Work in Progress." Home School Researcher 14, no. 3 (2000): 1-9.

Francis, David J., and Timothy Z. Keith. "Social Skills of Home Schooled and Conventionally Schooled Children: A Comparison Study." Home School Researcher 16, no. 1 (2004): 15-24.

Fulbright, Leslie. "Blacks Take Education into Their Own Hands." San Francisco Chronicle (2006): A-1.

Gathercole, Rachel. The Well-Adjusted Child : The Social Benefits of Homeschooling: Mapletree Pub. Co., 2007.

Gathercole, Rachel. "Homeschooling Is a Widely Misunderstood Movement." In Homeschooling, edited by Myra Immell, 67-83. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2009.

Gatto, John Taylor. Weapons of Mass Instruction: A Schoolteacher's Journey through the Dark World of Compulsory Schooling. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers, 2009.

Groover, Susan Varner, and Richard C. Endsley. "Family Environment and Atittudes of Homeschoolers and Nonhomeschoolers." University of Georgia, 1988.

Hardy, Lawrence. "What's Missing in Home-Schooling?" American School Board Journal 188, no. 8 (2001): 18-19.

Harris, Gregg. "Home School Education." In Schooling Choices, edited by H. Wayne House, 171-245. Portland, OR: Multnomah, 1988.

Harrop, Froma. "Home Schooling May Hide Parental Instability or Abuse." In Home Schooling, edited by Cindy Mur, 67-69. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

Hedin, Norma S. "A Study of the Self-Concept of Older Children in Selected Texas Churches Who Attend Home Schools as Compared to Older Children Who Attend Christian Schools and Public Schools." Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1990.

Hedin, Norma S. "Self-Concept in Baptist Children in Three Educational Settings." Home School Researcher 7, no. 3 (1991): 1-5.

Higgins, James Brian. "Home Schooling in New Mexico: A Case Study of One Family's Experience." Ph.D., The University of New Mexico, 2002.

Holder, Melvin A. "Academic Achievement and Socialization of College Students Who Were Home Schooled." University of Memphis, 2001.

Holtrop, Stephen D. "Individualization Starts at Home." Educational Leadership 54, no. 2 (1996): 74-76.

Horsburgh. "Homeschooling within the Public School System." Simon Frasier University, 2005.

House, H. Wayne. Schooling Choices. Portland, OR: Multnomah, 1988.

Howell, Charles. "Strengthening the Ties That Bind: A Book Review of Family Ties: Relationships, Socialization, and Home Schooling by Gary Wyatt." Home School Researcher 25, no. 1 (2009): 9-12.

Hudak, Evie. "Public Schools Is a Better Choice Than Home Schooling." In Home Schooling, edited by Cindy Mur, 40-42. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

Humphrey, Elmer Howard. "Why Parents Choose to Home School Their Children: A Qualitative Perspective of Mothers Who Are Members of Home School Support Groups." Saint Louis University, 1998.

Jackson, Glenda. "Summary of Australian Research on Home Education." 2006.

Jackson, Glenda Mary. "'More Than One Way to Learn': Home Educated Students' Transitions between Home and School." Monash University, 2009.

Jaycox, Rebecca. "Rural Home Schooling and Place-Based Education." In ERIC Digest. Charleston, WV: Clearinghouse on Rural Education and Small Schools, 2001.

Jeub, Chris. "Home Schooling Is a Legitimate Alternative to Public Schools." In Home Schooling, edited by Cindy Mur, 35-39. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

Johnson, Deborah. "Making the Grade: Home-School Movement Puts Onus on Pediatricians to Ensure Immunizations Are Current, Developmental Issues Are Addressed." AAP News 25, no. 4 (2004): 178.

Johnson, Janet Logan. "The Writing Achievement of Homeschooled Intermediate Students: A Descriptive Study of Instructional Methodology." Bowie State University, 2005.

Johnson, Kathie Carwile. "Socialization Practices of Christian Home School Educators in the State of Virginia." Home School Researcher 7, no. 1 (1991): 9-16.

Kantrowitz, Barbara, Pat Wingert, Karen Springen, Donna Foote, and Debra Gwartney. "Learning at Home: Does It Pass the Test?" Newsweek,132, no. 14, 1998, 64-70.

Kearney, Katheryn. "At Home in Maine: Gifted Children and Homeschooling." G/C/T 33, (1984): 15-19.

Kelley, Steven W. "Socialization of Home Schooled Children." Home School Researcher 7, no. 4 (1991): 1-12.

Kennedy, John W. "Home Schooling Grows Up." Christianity Today,39, 17 July 1995, 50-52.

Kennedy, John W. "Home Schooling Keeps Growing." Christianity Today,14 July 1997, 68.

Kingston, Skylar T., and Richard G. Medlin. "Empathy, Altruism, and Moral Development in Home Schooled Children." Home School Researcher 16, no. 4 (2006): 1-10.

Kitchen, Paul. "Socialization of Home School Children Versus Conventional School Children." Home School Researcher 7, no. 3 (1991): 7-13.

Klugewicz, Susan L., and Carol L. Carraccio. "Home Schooled Children: A Pediatric Perspective." Clinical Pediatrics 38, no. 7 (1999): 407.

Knez, Kathleen M. "Schools as a Cause of Behavior Disorders." Home School Researcher 1, no. 2 (1985).

Knowles, J. Gary, and James A. Muchmore. "Yep! We're Grown up, Home-Schooled Kids--and We're Doing Just Fine, Thank You!" Journal of Research on Christian Education 4, no. 1 (1995): 35-56.

Knox, Patricia. "Home-Based Education: An Alternative Approach to 'School Phobia'." Educational Review 41, no. 2 (1989): 143-51.

Koehler, Lindsey D., Trent J. Langness, Sarah S. Pietig, Nicole L. Stoffel, and Jamie L. Wyttenbach. "Socialization Skills in Home Schooled Children Versus Conventionally Schooled Children." Journal of Undergraduate Research V, (2002): 469-74.

Kohn, Alfie. "Home Schooling: Parents Who Educate Their Children at Home Face Little Official Opposition--but a Very Demanding Responsibility." Atlantic,261, no. 4, 1988, 20-25.

Kranzow, Jeannine M. "Taking a Different Path: The College Experiences of Homeschooled Students." Ph.D., Indiana University, 2005.

Kunzman, Robert. "Homeschooling in Indiana: A Closer Look." In CEEP Policy Brief Series. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University, 2005.

Kunzman, Robert. "Homeschooling." In Critical Issues and Practices in Gifted Education: What the Research Says, edited by Jonathan Plucker and C. Callahan, 253-60. Austin, TX: Prufrock Press, 2007.

Kunzman, Robert. "Homeschooling and the Law." In The Principal's Legal Handbook, edited by K. Lane, M.A.  Gooden, J.F. Mead, P. Pauken and S. Eckes, 189-204. Dayton, OH: Education Law Association, 2008.

Kunzman, Robert. Write These Laws on Your Children: Inside the World of Conservative Christian Homeschooling. Boston: Beacon Press, 2009.

Lande, Nancy. Homeschool Open House. Bozeman, MT: WindyCreek Press, 2000.

LaRue, James, and Suzanne LaRue. "Is Anybody Home? Home Schooling and the Library." Wilson Library Bulletin 66, no. 1 (1991): 32-37, 136-37.

Lattibeaudiere, Vivien. "An Exploratory Study of the Transition and Adjustment of Former Home-Schooled Students to College Life." University of Tennessee, 2000.

Lavoie, Lisa Degnan. "Examining the Perceived Academic and Social Development of Six Early Entrant Home-Schooled Students in a Connecticut Community College: A Practical Action Research Study." Ed.D., University of Hartford, 2006.

Layland, Judy. "Affordance of Participation Rights for Children in Home-Based Education and Care: An Interactive Process Model of Participation -- 2007." Children & Society 24, (2009): 386-99.

Leaverton, Lloyd. "Can the Home School Provide Adequate Help for the Emotionally-Disturbed Child?" Psychology in the Schools 2, no. 3 (1965): 269-74.

Lebeda, Samantha. "Homeschooling: Depriving Children of Social Development?" Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues 16, no. 1 (2007): 99-104.

Lee, Walter James. "The Socialization of Home-Schooled and Public-Schooled Children." University of La Verne, 1994.

Leiterman, Eloise Lee. "Home Schooling: Is It Superior Now to Public-School Instruction? No, Children Need a Broader Perspective." Christian Science Monitor, 24 April 1984.

Lines, Patricia M. "Home Schooling Is Becoming More Common." In Home Schooling, edited by Cindy Mur, 12-21. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

Llewellyn, Grace. Freedom Challenge : African American Homeschoolers. Eugene, Ore.: Lowry House, 1996.

Lois, Jennifer. "Emotionally Layered Accounts: Homeschoolers' Justifications for Maternal Deviance." Deviant Behavior 30, no. 2 (2009): 201-34.

Lopez Haugen, Denise. "The Social Competence of Homeschooled and Conventionally Schooled Adolescents: A Preliminary Investigation." Psy.D., George Fox University, 2005.

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Lyman, Isabel. The Homeschooling Revolution. Amherst, MA: Bench Press International, 2000.

Manuel, Laura Lucille. "The Moral Development of Home Schooled and Public Schooled Adolescents." University of Northern Colorado, 2000.

Martin, Margaret. "Homeschooling: Parents' Reactions." 1997.

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McDowell, Olivia Susan Atkisson. "Home Sweet School: The Perceived Impact of Home Schooling on the Family in General and the Mother-Teacher in Particular." Vanderbilt University, 1998.

McDowell, Susan A. But What About Socialization? Answering the Perpetual Home Schooling Question. Nashville, TN: Philodeus Press, 2004.

McEntire, Thomas Wayne. "A Study of the Difference in Religious Outcomes between Baptist General Convention of Texas Youth Who Are Conventionally Schooled and Those Educated at Home." Ph.D., Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2003.

McEntire, T. Wayne. "Religious Outcomes in Conventionally Schooled and Home Schooled Youth." Home School Researcher 16, no. 2 (2005): 13-18.

McKinley, Marcia J., Jesika N. Asaro, Jamie Bergin, Nicole D'Auria, and Katherine E. Gagnon. "Social Skills and Satisfaction with Social Relationships in Home-Schooled, Private-Schooled, and Public-Schooled Children." Home School Researcher 17, no. 3 (2007): 1-6.

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Ray, Brian D. Strengths of Their Own : Home Schoolers across America. Salem, Ore: NHERI Publications, 1997.

Ray, Brian D. "Homeschooling in Canada." Education Canada 41, no. 1 (2001): 28-31.

Ray, Brian D. Worldwide Guide to Homeschooling : Facts and Stats on the Benefits of Home School : A Quick Reference 2003-2004. Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman & Holman, 2003.

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